Greek PhilosophersBecause of Greek Philosophers, there was the valid thought process of philosophy that the rest of the world followed and fed upon. From the first Greek and Hellenistic philosopher, the world was greatly influenced by all of the literature, wisdom, reason and inquiry of life of the much earlier mythological and theological imagination.
When we talk about Greek philosophy our study will always bring us to Greek Philosopher Socrates, the philosopher Plato, his student, and Aristotle, who was taught by Plato. Plato was the writer of most of what Socrates taught, then later added his own thoughts and understanding, about Greek Philosophy. Pre-Socrates, philosophers were ontologists who reasoned that categories of 'being' meaning 'the nature of being', and each later philosopher gave their different interpretations for instance Plato, who was writer,mathematician and philosopher helped lay the foundations of natural philosophy; the study of nature and the physical universe.
"All men's souls are immortal, but the souls of the righteous are immortal and divine". Greek philosopher Socrates lived most, if not all of his life in Athens and fought in the Peloponnesian wars. He earned his living as a sculpture in his early years and later, began to question life and what the meaning of life was. The Greek philosopher Socrates travelled around encouraging people to think about life and asked questions such as; 'What is life'? And 'what is wisdom'? He soon had a following and induced long talks that were written, first in stone, as Socrates worked often in stone, then later on cloth and paper, by students such as Plato. The Athenians thought he was corrupting his followers, and he was charged with disrespecting the gods and corruption of youths. At the time democracy was important to the Greeks and they thought that he was being undemocratic, because, Socrates notions were that the rulers and decision makers should be intelligent men of wealth and education. He was convicted and sentenced to death, but was poisoned by his prison guards with hemlock. Greek Philosopher - Plato "Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle". Plato was a classical Greek philosopher and he was a mathematician and second of what's known as the three greats. Scepticism Plato wrote many works and was the original founder of the Academy in Athens in Circa 387BC, which students reflected on Philosophical scepticism. This meant that their school of thought examined other possibilities and ambiguities regarding philosophical disciplines. We don't know much about his early life, but he did become quite wealthy and politically active in his life as an Athenian. The Greek philosopher Plato was well learned in grammar, music and gymnasts and excelled in philosophy, as he was tutored by the very best of the time, including Socrates. Platonism Platonism became the name of the philosophy of Plato, which was known as the Doctrine of Platonic realism. Heavy stuff. Another idea of his was the Theory of Forms. 1. The Ethical Problem: How can humans live a fulfilling, happy life in a changing world where every thing they attach themselves to can change? 2. The Problem of Permanence and Change: How can the world appear to be both permanent and changing? The world we perceive through the senses seems to be always changing. The world that we perceive through the mind, using our concepts, seems to be permanent and unchanging. Which is most real and why does it appear both ways? Greek Philosopher - Aristotle "Bring your desires down to your present means. Increase them only when your increased means permit".
Aristotle, born 384 - 322BCE, may have been something of an idealist, as he wrote about the ideal state and how it could bring about an acceptable way of life for the citizens of the state. He was born in Northern Greece and spent 20 years studying. He was a student of Plato and a teacher to Alexander the Great. His subjects were physics, metaphysics, and logic, before returning to Macedonia when Plato died. Although he didn't always agree with Plato, he loved and respected him. He also loved Politics and Government. Aristotle was a poet and he studied and taught ethics, and biology and zoology. Later he ventured back to Athens and opened his own school at the Lyceum. Epicurean Philosophy
They believed in happiness and pleasure. Their philosophy was that wanting things that you couldn't have, leads to sorrow, therefore one shouldn't want things that are unattainable. Stoicism Stoic is a form of ancient Greek philosophy founded by Zeno 308 years BC. This philosophy was that one needs to accept the good and the bad things about your life because there is little you can do to change it. Stoic philosophy was about finding inner peace, and moderation of enjoyment in life. A kind of give and take and don't over indulge. Seneca Stoicism was also practised by the Romans; Seneca was a great roman writer and philosopher, and wrote the Latin version of Stoic philosophy. He wrote that the collapse of the Roman powerful republic was because people indulged too much in pleasures and political greed.
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